Hematology
CBC parameters, coagulation assays, morphology-related tests, and hematology laboratory methods.
Concise Hematology laboratory test references for rapid Medical Laboratory Science lookup: specimen requirements, methods, reference values, interpretation, and laboratory pearls.
44 references in this catalogue
Catalogue references
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Absolute Basophil Count
Absolute circulating basophils (× 10⁹/L). Basophils are normally rare; automated counts at very low levels have limited precision.
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Absolute Eosinophil Count
Absolute circulating eosinophils (× 10⁹/L) used to quantify eosinophilia more reliably than percentage alone.
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Absolute Lymphocyte Count (ALC)
Absolute circulating lymphocytes (× 10⁹/L); preferred over lymphocyte percentage for lymphocytosis and lymphopenia assessment.
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Absolute Monocyte Count
Absolute circulating monocytes (× 10⁹/L) for monocytosis/monocytopenia assessment.
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Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC)
Absolute circulating neutrophils (× 10⁹/L). ANC usually includes segmented neutrophils plus bands when bands are reported separately; confirm local definition.
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Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT)
Clotting-time screen of the intrinsic and common pathways; used for hemostasis screening and selected unfractionated heparin monitoring.
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Anti-Xa Assay
Chromogenic assay measuring anticoagulant anti-factor Xa activity; preferred laboratory method for low-molecular-weight heparin monitoring and a validated option for unfractionated heparin.
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Bleeding Time (Legacy Test)
Legacy in vivo primary-hemostasis assessment (Ivy or template methods) that times bleeding cessation after a standardized skin incision. It is not recommended for routine modern evaluation of platelet dysfunction or von Willebrand disease.
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Coagulation Profile
Panel of plasma-based hemostasis screening tests; typically PT/INR and aPTT, often with fibrinogen; used as a first-line laboratory assessment of clotting pathways.
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Complete Blood Count (CBC)
Automated multiparameter blood count including red cells, white cells, platelets, hemoglobin, hematocrit, indices, and often an automated differential.
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D-Dimer
Immunoassay for fibrin degradation products containing D-dimer epitopes; a high-sensitivity marker of fibrin formation and lysis used in VTE exclusion pathways when combined with clinical probability.
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Differential Leukocyte Count
Relative (%) and absolute lineage breakdown of circulating leukocytes; neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils; by automated methods and/or manual smear.
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Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)
Measure of red-cell settling rate in anticoagulated blood; a nonspecific inflammation marker. ICSH provides Westergren standardization guidance.
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Factor Assays
Quantitative one-stage or chromogenic assays of individual clotting factors (e.g., VIII, IX, XI, II, V, VII, X) used to characterize prolongations found on PT/aPTT screens.
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Fibrinogen
Quantitative measurement of clottable fibrinogen (commonly Clauss method); essential for DIC evaluation, bleeding workups, and thrombolytic contexts.
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G6PD Screening
Screening and quantitative assays for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity used to identify G6PD deficiency before oxidant drug exposure and in hemolysis evaluations.
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Heinz Body Preparation
Supravital stain of erythrocytes to detect denatured hemoglobin precipitates (Heinz bodies) associated with oxidant injury and unstable hemoglobin contexts.
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Hematocrit (Hct)
Packed red-cell volume as a fraction of whole blood; measured by microhematocrit or calculated from RBC count and MCV on automated analyzers.
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Hemoglobin (Hb)
Spectrophotometric blood hemoglobin concentration; the primary laboratory measure of oxygen-carrying capacity for anemia and polycythemia assessment.
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Hemoglobin Electrophoresis / HPLC
Separation and quantification of hemoglobin fractions (A, A₂, F, S, C, and other variants) by electrophoresis, capillary electrophoresis, or HPLC; the core laboratory approach to hemoglobinopathy characterization.
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Immature Granulocyte Count
Automated count/percentage of immature granulocytes (promyelocytes, myelocytes, metamyelocytes); a modern left-shift parameter distinct from band counts.
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International Normalized Ratio (INR)
Standardized PT ratio using thromboplastin ISI; the reporting format for vitamin K antagonist (warfarin) monitoring.
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Kleihauer-Betke Test
Acid elution stain estimating fetal red cells in maternal blood for fetomaternal hemorrhage (FMH) quantification; still used where flow-cytometric FMH assays are unavailable.
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Lupus Anticoagulant
Clot-based assay panel detecting phospholipid-dependent inhibitors; one of the three laboratory criteria for antiphospholipid syndrome (with anticardiolipin and anti-β2GPI).
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Malaria Blood Film
Microscopic examination of thick and thin blood films for Plasmodium (and related blood parasites); the morphologic reference method alongside antigen/NAAT where available.
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Mean Platelet Volume (MPV)
Average platelet size (fL) derived from the platelet volume distribution; a supportive platelet index, highly method-dependent.
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Mixing Study
1:1 mix of patient plasma with normal pooled plasma to distinguish factor deficiency from an inhibitor as the cause of a prolonged PT or aPTT.
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Nucleated Red Blood Cell Count (NRBC)
Quantification of circulating nucleated red cells; normally absent in healthy adult peripheral blood and an important CBC flag when present.
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Osmotic Fragility Test
Measures red-cell lysis across a gradient of hypotonic saline; a classic supportive assay for spherocytosis patterns, largely complemented by modern eosin-5-maleimide (EMA) binding flow cytometry where available.
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Peripheral Blood Smear
Microscopic evaluation of stained blood cells; the morphologic reference method that validates and extends automated CBC findings.
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Plasma Hemoglobin
Measurement of free hemoglobin in plasma used as a marker of intravascular hemolysis and to monitor extracorporeal circuits; highly vulnerable to artifactual hemolysis from poor draws.
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Platelet Count
Enumeration of circulating platelets (× 10⁹/L) used to evaluate bleeding risk, thrombosis context, and marrow or consumptive disorders.
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Platelet Distribution Width (PDW)
Index of platelet size variation from the platelet volume histogram; method-dependent supportive parameter.
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Platelet Function Testing
Laboratory assessment of platelet adhesion/aggregation responses; including light-transmission aggregometry and cartridge-based systems; used when platelet dysfunction is suspected despite adequate count.
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Plateletcrit (PCT)
Platelet volume fraction of whole blood (analogous to hematocrit for platelets), typically derived from platelet count and MPV.
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Prothrombin Time (PT)
Clotting-time assay of the extrinsic and common pathways; the basis for INR reporting in vitamin K antagonist monitoring.
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Red Blood Cell Count (RBC)
Enumeration of circulating erythrocytes per unit volume of blood, reported in × 10¹²/L.
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Red Cell Indices (MCV, MCH, MCHC, RDW)
Calculated and derived red-cell parameters that classify anemia morphologically and quantify anisocytosis.
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Reticulocyte Count
Measurement of young red cells containing residual RNA; the primary laboratory indicator of marrow erythropoietic response.
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Sickle Cell Screening Test
Solubility-based screen for HbS (sickle solubility test) that detects the presence of sickling hemoglobin but does not distinguish trait from disease.
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Thrombin Time (TT)
Assay of the final common step of fibrin formation; thrombin converting fibrinogen to fibrin; sensitive to heparin, direct thrombin inhibitors, and hypofibrinogenemia/dysfibrinogenemia.
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von Willebrand Factor Assays
Panel measuring vWF antigen and activity (and often factor VIII) used to evaluate von Willebrand disease and acquired vWF abnormalities.
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White Blood Cell Count (WBC)
Enumeration of circulating leukocytes per liter of blood; a frontline marker of infection, inflammation, marrow response, and cytopenia.
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Whole-Blood Clotting Time (Lee-White, Historical)
Historical Lee-White whole-blood clotting time: non-anticoagulated venous blood timed to clot in glass tubes. This page does not describe activated clotting time (ACT) or plasma-based PT/aPTT/thrombin time.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about using this Hematology laboratory test catalogue Medical Laboratory Library reference in Medical Laboratory Science education.
What Hematology laboratory tests are in this catalogue?
This Medical Laboratory Library catalogue lists published Hematology laboratory tests for rapid reference lookup, including specimen, method, reference values, and interpretation sections where available.
How should Medical Laboratory Science students use this Hematology library?
Use it as a medical laboratory reference while studying Hematology. Look up a test quickly, then continue into Academy lessons or medical laboratory quizzes for deeper learning.
What information appears on each laboratory test page?
Each published page is structured for lookup: overview, clinical importance, specimen requirements, analytical method, reference values, interpretation, clinical significance, related laboratory tests, and references when present.
Are these laboratory reference values universal?
No. Laboratory reference values depend on method and population. Confirm intervals with your institutional laboratory protocols before clinical use.
How do I find related Hematology Academy lessons?
Open an individual laboratory test page for Continue learning links, or visit the Hematology Academy discipline pathway for structured Medical Laboratory Science courses.
Can I search within this discipline?
Return to the Laboratory Library hub search, or browse the cards in this catalogue by test name. The hub search covers laboratory tests across disciplines.
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This discipline catalogue focuses on laboratory tests. The broader Library also includes additional reference collections such as cells, markers, and foundational topics.