Overview
Common laboratory errors are recurring, preventable failure patterns in the total testing process that can produce unreliable or unsafe results for patients.
Classification
| Phase | Common error examples |
|---|---|
| Pre-analytical | Identity errors; wrong specimen/tube; hemolysis; clotting |
| Analytical | Expired reagents; skipped controls |
| Post-analytical | Transcription/LIS mistakes; delayed critical communication |
Morphologic Features
Not applicable, this entry describes process error patterns, not morphology.
Laboratory Characteristics
- Errors often look routine and produce believable numeric results
- Phase mapping guides the correct first action
- Speed pressure commonly contributes to unsafe release decisions
Reference Intervals
Not applicable, error recognition is a process skill, not a numeric reference interval.
Clinical and Laboratory Significance
Recognizing common error patterns protects patients from wrong treatment, delayed care, and false clinical pictures created by bad laboratory data.
Differential Considerations
Not applicable, this entry maps process errors, not disease differentials.
Comparison Tables
Error → phase → action
| Error | Phase | MLS action |
|---|---|---|
| Identity mismatch | Pre-analytical | Hold; resolve ID; do not release |
| Wrong tube type | Pre-analytical | Reject/recollect per SOP |
| Hemolysis / clot | Pre-analytical | Reject or flag per SOP |
| Expired reagent | Analytical | Stop assay; replace; investigate |
| Skipped QC | Analytical | Do not release; run required QC |
| LIS mistype | Post-analytical | Correct before release / amend |
| Late critical call | Post-analytical | Call now; document; review delay |
Classification Frameworks
Not applicable, no WHO classification applies to this laboratory-process topic.
Laboratory Notes
- Ask: Is this identity, specimen, method, documentation, or communication?
- A tidy result from a bad process is still a patient-safety failure
References
Authoritative textbooks, guidelines, and reviews supporting this reference entry. Verify reference intervals, critical limits, and reflex criteria against institutional protocols and current guideline editions.
Textbooks
- McPherson RA, Pincus MR. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. 24th ed. Elsevier; 2021. (Laboratory quality and management chapters, verify current edition.)
CLSI and Professional Guidelines
- Institutional laboratory SOPs, locally adopted quality policies, and manufacturer instructions for use (IFU). Always verify current local practice.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about using this Common Laboratory Errors foundational topics Medical Laboratory Library reference in Medical Laboratory Science education.
What is the Common Laboratory Errors laboratory reference?
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